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What is preventive screening?

Preventive screening tests are medical checks done before symptoms appear. Their purpose is to detect early changes in the body that may develop into disease, or to find cancers at an early stage when they are easier to treat and chances of recovery are much higher.

These tests are recommended for healthy individuals based on age, gender, and risk factors, even if they feel well.

What is cervical cancer?

  • Cervical cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the cervix grow uncontrollably
  • The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina
  • The majority of cervical cancers are caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Symptoms of cervical cancer

Early-stage cervical cancer often has no noticeable symptoms. As the disease progresses, symptoms may include:

  • Abnormal vaginal bleeding (between periods, after intercourse, or after menopause)
  • Unusual vaginal discharge (may be watery, pink, or foul-smelling)
  • Pelvic pain or discomfort during intercourse
  • Swelling in the legs or pelvic area
  • Changes in bladder or bowel habits
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What is breast cancer?

  • Breast cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably
  • These cells can form tumors that may spread to surrounding tissues or other parts of the body

There are different types of breast cancer, including:

  • Invasive: Spreads to surrounding breast tissues
  • Non-invasive: Confined to the ducts or lobules in the breast

Symptoms of breast cancer

  • A lump or thickening in the breast or underarm
  • Change in the size, shape, or appearance of the breast
  • Skin changes, such as dimpling, redness, or puckering
  • Nipple discharge (other than breast milk) or inversion
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What is colorectal cancer?

  • Colorectal cancer includes cancers of the colon and rectum, parts of the large intestine
  • It usually begins as small, noncancerous clumps of cells called polyps that can develop into cancer over time
  • Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer but is also one of the most preventable with regular screening

Symptoms of colorectal cancer

  • Changes in bowel habits (diarrhea, constipation, or a change in the consistency of stool)
  • Blood in the stool or rectal bleeding
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Persistent abdominal discomfort (cramps, gas, or pain)
  • A feeling that the bowel does not empty completely
  • Fatigue or weakness
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What is prostate cancer?

  • Prostate cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the prostate gland
  • The prostate gland is a small gland of the male reproductive system. It helps nourish semen and is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum

Symptoms of prostate cancer

  • Blood in the urine, which might make the urine look pink, red or cola-colored
  • Needing to urinate more often
  • Trouble getting started when trying to urinate
  • Waking up to urinate more often at night
  • Blood in the semen
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Screening Tests Details

Cervical cancer screening helps detect precancerous changes in the cervix early.

Tests used: Pap smear and HPV test.

Eligibility:

20 – 40 years: Regular Pap smear every 3 year.
40+ years: Pap smear + HPV test every 5 years.

Screening tests are covered under insurance policy.

Breast cancer screening detects tumors before they are noticeable.

Tests used: Mammogram (main test), Clinical Breast Exam, and breast self-awareness.

Eligibility:

20 – 40 years: Regular self-breast examinations & annual clinical breast check-ups
40+ years: Mammography every 2 years.

Screening tests are covered under insurance policy.

Colorectal cancer screening finds precancerous polyps and early cancers in the colon and rectum.

Tests used: Colonoscopy, FIT/FOBT stool tests, and flexible sigmoidoscopy.

Eligibility:

45+ years: Colonoscopy or stool based screening.

Screening tests are covered under insurance policy.

Prostate cancer screening identifies cancer at an early stage when treatment can be more effective.

Tests used: PSA blood test and Digital Rectal Exam (DRE).

Eligibility: Males aged above 45 years

Screening tests are covered under insurance policy.

Cervical cancer screening helps detect precancerous changes in the cervix early.

Tests used: Pap smear and HPV test.

Eligibility:

20 – 40 years: Regular Pap smear every 3 year.
40+ years: Pap smear + HPV test every 5 years.

Screening tests are covered under insurance policy.

Breast cancer screening detects tumors before they are noticeable.

Tests used: Mammogram (main test), Clinical Breast Exam, and breast self-awareness.

Eligibility:

20 – 40 years: Regular self-breast examinations & annual clinical breast check-ups
40+ years: Mammography every 2 years.

Screening tests are covered under insurance policy.

Colorectal cancer screening finds precancerous polyps and early cancers in the colon and rectum.

Tests used: Colonoscopy, FIT/FOBT stool tests, and flexible sigmoidoscopy.

Eligibility:

45+ years: Colonoscopy or stool based screening.

Screening tests are covered under insurance policy.

Prostate cancer screening identifies cancer at an early stage when treatment can be more effective.

Tests used: PSA blood test and Digital Rectal Exam (DRE).

Eligibility: Males aged above 45 years

Screening tests are covered under insurance policy.

Last updated on October 7, 2025

Written By
Dr. Rahaf Wagdy

Medical Content Writer

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Dr. Rahaf Wagdy is an Egyptian nuclear radiologist and medical content creator who merges her clinical expertise with digital creativity. With over five years of experience in medical content writing in both Arabic and English, she is dedicated to simplifying...

  • How often should I get a mammogram?

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  • When should women start cervical cancer screening in the UAE?

  • Do I still need screening if I had the HPV vaccine?

  • How often should I repeat screening for colorectal cancer?

  • Is colorectal screening painful?

  • Do men in the UAE need prostate cancer screening?

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