WHAT IS STOMACH FLU? CAUSES, SYMPTOMS & RECOVERY TIPS

Stomach flu, also known as viral gastroenteritis, is one of the most uncomfortable and contagious illnesses. Despite the name, it’s not related to the seasonal flu (influenza) but affects the stomach and intestines. The result? Days of nausea, watery diarrhea, and extreme fatigue that can knock you out of routine.

In this blog, we’ll break down what stomach flu actually is, how to spot stomach flu symptoms, how it spreads, what to eat when you’re sick, and most importantly, how to recover quickly and safely.

What Is Stomach Flu?

Stomach flu is a viral infection that inflames the lining of the stomach and intestines. It’s usually caused by viruses like norovirus or rotavirus, with norovirus being the leading cause of outbreaks in both kids and adults.

Unlike food poisoning, which is bacterial, stomach flu spreads through person-to-person contact, contaminated surfaces, food, or water.

Key differences between stomach flu and common flu:

Symptom/Feature	Stomach Flu	Influenza (Flu)
Affected Area	Stomach and intestines	Nose, throat, lungs
Main Symptoms	Diarrhea, vomiting, cramps	Fever, cough, sore throat
Fever	Mild or none	Usually present
Duration	1–3 days	5–7 days or longer
Contagious?	Highly	Highly

What Causes Stomach Flu?

The most common causes of stomach flu include:

• Norovirus – Frequent in crowded places like schools, cruise ships, and care homes.
• Rotavirus – Mostly affects infants and toddlers.
• Adenovirus & Astrovirus – Less common, but still cause stomach flu symptoms.

How You Can Catch the Stomach Flu

The stomach flu, medically known as viral gastroenteritis, is highly contagious and spreads easily from person to person. Here are the most common ways you can catch it:

1. Close Contact with an Infected Person

You can become infected by shaking hands, hugging, or simply being in close proximity to someone who has the virus. Even if they no longer have symptoms, they might still be shedding the virus and passing it on without knowing.

2. Consuming Contaminated Food or Water

One of the leading causes of stomach flu is eating food or drinking water that contains the virus, especially if the food was prepared by someone who didn’t wash their hands properly after using the bathroom. Raw or undercooked seafood, unwashed fruits and vegetables, and unclean water are common culprits.

3. Touching Contaminated Surfaces and Then Your Face

The virus can live on surfaces like doorknobs, countertops, faucets, and phones for hours or even days. If you touch one of these contaminated items and then rub your eyes, touch your mouth, or eat without washing your hands, you can unknowingly introduce the virus into your body.

Did You Know? Norovirus can survive on hard surfaces for days and is resistant to many cleaning agents, which makes it incredibly easy to catch.

Stomach Flu Symptoms

Stomach flu symptoms usually hit 12 to 48 hours after exposure. You may feel fine one moment and very unwell the next.

Symptom	Description
Nausea & vomiting	Sudden, persistent feelings of sickness
Diarrhea	Frequent, watery stools
Stomach cramps	Pain or tightening in the lower stomach
Low-grade fever	Slight increase in body temperature (but it’s not necessary to have it)
Headache or fatigue	Weakness, body aches, light-headedness
Dehydration	From fluid loss, especially in children

Is It Stomach Flu or Something Else?

Sometimes it’s hard to know if it’s really stomach flu or another issue. Here’s how you can tell:

Stomach flu starts quickly, often spreads among family or coworkers.

Food Poisoning

• Caused by bacteria (like Salmonella or E. coli), viruses, or parasites in contaminated food or drinks.
• Often affects only the person who ate a specific meal.
• Symptoms can start within a few hours of consuming a certain meal and include vomiting, diarrhea, and sometimes fever or chills.
• Tends to resolve within a day or two, depending on the severity and organism.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

• A chronic digestive condition, not caused by a virus or bacteria.
• Symptoms include bloating, abdominal pain, gas, and alternating constipation or diarrhea.
• Triggers often include stress, certain foods, or hormonal changes.
• Not contagious, and symptoms can last for weeks or months.

Acid Reflux (GERD)

• Caused by stomach acid backing up into the esophagus.
• Can cause nausea, heartburn, a sour taste in the mouth, and discomfort after meals.
• May mimic the queasiness of the stomach flu, but doesn’t cause fever or diarrhea.
• Often triggered by certain foods or lying down after eating.

Food Intolerances or Allergies

• Lactose intolerance or gluten sensitivity can cause cramping, bloating, diarrhea, and nausea, especially after meals.
• Symptoms often occur repeatedly after eating certain foods.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s or Ulcerative Colitis)

• Chronic immune-related conditions that affect the digestive tract.
• Can cause severe diarrhea, weight loss, abdominal pain, and fatigue.
• Requires medical management and isn’t caused by infection.

Medication Side Effects

• Antibiotics, iron supplements, or pain relievers can irritate the stomach lining.
• Symptoms may include nausea, upset stomach, and loose stools.

Early Pregnancy

• Morning sickness (nausea and vomiting) is common in the first trimester.
• Often confused with a mild stomach virus, but typically doesn’t include fever or diarrhea.

When to See a Doctor

For most people, stomach flu treatment is simple rest and fluids. But in some cases, symptoms can escalate.

See a doctor if:

• You can’t keep fluids down for 24+ hours
• You see blood in your stool or vomit
• A child has dry lips, few wet diapers, or seems very tired
• Symptoms last more than 3 days

Reem Hospital offers quick consultations for patients with stomach or intestinal issues, helping you recover safely and avoid dehydration.

Stomach Flu in Children

Children are especially prone to stomach flu, especially in daycare or schools where viruses spread fast. They may experience more intense symptoms and are more likely to become dehydrated.

What to look for:

• Fewer wet diapers or bathroom trips
• Sunken eyes or dry lips
• Unusual drowsiness or crankiness
• Refusal to eat or drink

Keep kids home until at least 48 hours after their last symptoms. Offer small sips of fluid often and bland food once they can eat again.

Did You Know? The rotavirus vaccine has dramatically reduced severe stomach flu cases in young children around the world.

Stomach Flu Treatment:

There’s no instant cure for stomach flu, but supportive care helps your body recover faster.

Effective stomach flu treatment includes:

1. Hydration First

Vomiting and diarrhea can quickly lead to fluid loss, so it’s essential to sip fluids regularly. Try:

• Plain water
• Clear broths or weak herbal teas
• Electrolyte drinks, but avoid those high in sugar or caffeine

Drink in small sips, especially if you’re feeling nauseous, and gradually increase as your body tolerates more.

2. Rest

Your body needs energy to fight the infection. Resting allows your immune system to work efficiently. Don’t push yourself—stay home from work, school, or social events until you’re symptom-free for at least 24–48 hours.

3. Light, Gentle Food

Once you can tolerate fluids, slowly reintroduce bland, easy-to-digest foods. Start small and build up as your appetite returns. Good options include:

• Plain toast or crackers
• White rice or boiled potatoes
• Bananas
• Applesauce
• Plain oatmeal or porridge
• Plain boiled pasta or broth-based soup with soft noodles

Avoid greasy, spicy, or high-fiber foods (like raw vegetables, dairy, or fatty meats) until your stomach fully settles. For children or older adults, follow the BRAT diet (Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, Toast) as a simple starting point.

4. Be Cautious With Medication

If you have a fever or body aches, paracetamol (acetaminophen) is usually safe and gentle on the stomach, but seeking professional help before taking anything, especially for children, pregnant individuals, or those with existing health issues, won’t harm.

What to Eat During Stomach Flu

When figuring out what to eat during stomach flu, think gentle and bland. Avoid dairy, greasy, or spicy foods.

Go-to options:

• Bananas
• Plain rice
• Applesauce
• Toast or crackers
• Boiled potatoes
• Chicken broth

Did You Know? This recovery plan is called the BRAT diet—Bananas, Rice, Applesauce, and Toast. It’s safe and easy on the stomach for both kids and adults.

Avoid alcohol, caffeine, citrus juices, or raw vegetables until fully recovered.

How to Prevent Stomach Flu

The best stomach flu treatment is prevention.

Top prevention tips:

• Wash hands with soap, especially after using the toilet
• Disinfect kitchen counters, toys, and remote controls
• Avoid close contact with someone who is sick
• Don’t share food or utensils
• Get children vaccinated against rotavirus

Recovery Tips

• Drink fluids frequently, even if just a few sips at a time
• Get plenty of rest, don’t push yourself too soon
• Gradually return to normal meals
• Monitor kids closely for any signs of dehydration
• Stay home until you’re symptom-free for at least 48 hours

Reem Hospital provides family-friendly care for children and adults dealing with stomach flu symptoms, helping you recover comfortably with expert support.

Conclusion

Stomach flu can make you feel absolutely drained—but it usually clears up with rest, hydration, and the right food. Knowing what to eat during stomach flu, how it spreads, and when to see a doctor can make recovery faster and safer.

Stay vigilant with hygiene, especially during outbreak seasons. If symptoms don’t improve or you’re worried about your child’s condition, consult a healthcare provider.

Whether you’re recovering at home or need a little extra support, Reem Hospital is here to help you feel better, faster.